Mi Hausa Leh Lazara Thawnthu: Tehkhin Thu a ni em?

Zawhna:

Mi hausa leh Lazara thawnthu hi tehkhinthu a ni dawn em ni? A nih loh chhan ni-a ka rin chu: (1) Tehkhinthu-ah mimal hming emaw hmun hming emaw sawi lan a ni ngai lo; (2) Isuan “tehkhin thu” a ni tih a sawi lang lo; (3) JN Andrews-a pawhin tehkhin thu a ni lo a ti; (4) Mi hausa pa unaute pawh ngaithlatute zingah an awm ve reng a ni.

Chhanna:

Mi thiam thenkhat chuan mi hausa leh Lazara thawnthu hi thlarau thi thei lo thurin dik lo tanfung a nih theih nan tehkhinthu a ni lo tiin an tang nasa hle a. Isuan mi hausa leh Lazara thawnthu a sawi hmaa a sawi ho zawng zawng erawh hi tehkhin thu vek an ni thung a (Beram bo, duli bo, fapa tlan bo, Sum enkawltu fing). Isuan tehkhin thu a sawi chhoh zel laiin mi thiam thenkhat leh pastor thenkhat chuan hei hi chu tehkhinthu a ni lo tiin an thiam ang tawkin an duhna laiah an lo rek bung ve hmiah mai tihna a ni zawk a ni.

Thenkhat chuan hming leh hmun a awm avangin tehkhin thu a ni lo a ti a, he thawnthu-ah hian hming leh hmun hming a awm teh meuh mai, mahse, hei vang hian a tak tak anga lak theih a ni chuang lo a ni. Tin, mi hausa pa unaute pawh an awm ve reng tiin thenkhat chuan huaisar takin an tang a, entir nan, mizo zinga hetiang zawnga tang tlat thin chu Dr. PC Biaksiama hi a ni a, ani pawhin mi hausa pa unau hi a hunlai khan an awm ve reng a ti ve bawk a, mahse, a thulakna hnar ka enin, Dr. Edward-a sawi a lo sawi chhawng lek a ni a, Dr. Edward-a ve thung chuan, a unaupate pawh an awm ve mai thei a ni a ti ngam chauh a ni (The rich man’s brothers may have even been in the audience).[1]

Eng pawh ni se, tehkhin thu ni lovin, thil thleng tak takah lo ngai dawn ta ila. Chutianga kan ngai dawn a nih chuan, thil thlen dan engkim chuan mu leh mal an nei tur a ni a. Mahse, a ngiala ngana han lak tak tak dawn chuan awmzia a nei thei tlat lo a ni. Entir nan:

1. Lazara chu “Abrahama angchhungah,” a awm a (Luka 16:22), mi hausa chu mitthi khuaah (hades) a awm thung a (Luka 16:23). Mitthi khua leh Abrahama angchhung inkarah chuan lei kak zau tak a awm a (chang 26). Chuti chung chuan, mi hausa leh Abrahama chu an inbe thei mai bawk a ni (chang 24). Hetiang a nih chuan, mifel leh misual thi tate chu an inhmu reng thei a, an inbe reng thei tihna a ni. Mi thianghlimte chuan an fate chu mitthi khuaa meialhin a kan avanga an tuar lai an hmu reng dawn tihna a ni. Han ngaihtuah teh! Vanram kaite tan pawh mi natuar lai hmuh reng mai chu a rapthlak dawn ma nge! Tu nu pawhin a fapa na tuar chu hmu chatuan mai ta se, chutianga hremhmun leh vanram hnaih taka dahtu Pathian chu a chhuahchhal ve mai lo maw aw!?

2. Bible pum puiin thih hnua mihring awm dan tur a sawi nen a inmil dawn lo a ni. Entir nan, “A thawin a chuahsan a, ani chu a leilungah a kir leh a; Chu mi ni ngei chuan a ngaihtuahnate chu a bo nghal a ni” (Sam 146:4); “Mitthite chuan LALPA chu an fak lo va, Hmun reh taka chhukte rêng rêng chuan an fak hek lo,” (Sam 115:17).

3. Abramham ngei pawh kha a thi a, a fapaten an phum a nih kha (Gen 25:8, 9). Tin, Abrahama chu thawhlehna a la chan loh thu Hebraiah a inziak tlat a ni. “Rinnain Abrahama chu kohva a awm laiin…khua, lungphum nei mi a nghak reng si a,” (Heb 11:8-10). Rinnaa kan pate chungchang thuah, “Chung zawng zawngte chu rinna neiin an thi ta a, thiltiamte chu chang lovin…leiah hian mikhual leh khualzin mai an ni tih an inhriattir tawh bawk a…Nimahsela, tunah zawng ram tha lehzual chak an lo ni a, chu chu vana mi a ni” tih ziak a ni (Heb 11:13, 16). Abraham leh rinnaa kan thlahtute khan vanram (ram tha zawk) chu an la chang lo a, kan tel lovin an lo chang lawk dawn lo va, a rualin kan chang dawn tiin Hebrai bung 11-na hi tihtawp a ni (Heb 11:39-40).  Abrahama pawh thihna atanga a la thawh leh si loh chuan “Abrahama angchhung” tih hmuna Abrahama hi tehkhin thu mai tihna a ni. Bible a inkalh ngai lo.

Kan han en takte atang hian Isua hian tehkhin thu a sawi tih a chiang a, a tak tak anga ngaih chi a ni lo a, a tak tak anga ngaih dawn chuan awmzia a nei thei lo a ni. Chuvangin, Isua hian an hunlaia Judaho thawnthu chu thutak zirtirna hmanrua atan a hmang tihna zawk a ni.

Vanneihthlak takin, mi hausa leh Lazara chanchin ang chiah hi Judaho thawnthuah hmuh tur a lo awm bawk a. Kum zabi 1-naa historian lar Josephus-a khan ziakin a lo hnutchhiah a, vawiin thlengin chhiar theiin a la awm a ni. Isua hunlai ami ve tho a nihnaah hian thil tam tak kan hriatthiam phah thei a. Josephus-a chuan grikho hnenah hades chungchang a hrilhfiahnaah tihiana a sawi:

Hades chu he khawvel-a eng a enchhuah lohna hmun hnuaihnung zawk a ni a…he hmunah hian thlaraute awm phalsak an ni, heng thlaraute veng tur hian angelte chu ruat an ni a, mitin nungchang leh chetzia mil zelin angelte chuan hremna an lekkawh a ni. [2]

Josephus-a chuan hades hian hmun hnih a neih thu a sawi a. Pakhat chu, “eng awmna hmun,” mifelte thlenna hmun, “Abrahama angchhung tiha kan koh hi,” a ni a ti a.[3] Hmun pakhat zawk chu “thim awm rengna hmun,” misualte awmna a ni a, “angelten hrem tura an dah,” an hnuhna hmun a ni a ti a ni.[4] A ziah zelnaah chuan, heng angelte hian misualte chu meidil bulah an va dah thin a, rorelna hnuhnung ber hma chuan meidilah chuan paih an ni lo a, a bu hnaiah chuan an va dah thin a ti a ni.[5] An inkarah chuan kak zau tak a awm a, mifel pawh chuan misualte chu khawngaih mah sela, an va kalpawh thei lo va, misualte pawh chutiang bawkin an kalpawh thei lo a ti a ni.[6]

Josephus-a thil sawi leh mi hausa leh Lazara thawnthu inanzia hi kan hmu thiam em? Hei hi a hunlaia grik leh Rome sakhuana-in a chiah hneh tak Judate thawnthu a ni a. Mi thiam thenkhat chuan Aiguptaho thawnthuah pawh hetiang chiah hi a awm thu an sawi a,[7] thenkhatin grik leh Romeho zinga thawnthu awm a ni an ti bawk a,[8] thenkhatin Judate thawnthu an ti bawk.[9]  Eng pawh ni se, Bible-in thih hnu awm dan a zirtir dan a ni lo tih chu kan zir tak atang khan a chiang tawh ang a. A nih leh, engvangin Isua hian Bible thutak nena inmil si lo tehkhin thu a hman tih hi zawhna pawimawh tak a ni ang.

A chhanna chu, Isua hian an lo neih dan mila buh chi theh tehkhin thu a sawi te, an pute leh chhiahhlawhte inlaichinna behchhana tehkhin thu a sawi te ang thovin an hunlaia Judate rin dan tlanglawn hmangin mi hausa leh Lazara thawnthu hi a sawi a ni. Heti zawng hian mipuite chuan an thutak zirtir tur chu an hrethiam dawn a. Amah ngaithlatu Judate kha grikho rindanin a chiahzawp tawh Hellenistic Jews an ni a, an rindan mil deuhin Pathian thutak a tar lang a ni.

Hemi tichiangtu pakhat chu mi hausa leh Lazara thawnthu a sawi hma chiah hian, “Sum enkawltu fing,” tehkhinthu a sawi a (Luka 16:1-12), he sum enkawltu hian a pu sum chu a hman khawlohsak a, a pu chuan insawifiah turin thu a pe ta a. Sum enkawltu hian a hmalam hun a ngaihtuahin a dinhmun a chhe chho dawnin a hria a, a pu pawisa batute chu ama thuin a lo discount ve ringawt a, cheng 100 bate chu cheng 50 pe turin a ti a. A rilru-ah chuan heng a ngaihdamhote hian nakinah an la pui ve dawn a ni.

 Hetianga a pu sum a eirukna leh a ruka a hman khawlohna hi Isua hian a pawmpui lo a, thlarau lam zirlai a zirtir duh avangin heng tehkhin thu hi a hmang mai zawk a ni. Isuan a zirtir tum chu hei hi a ni, khawvel miten anmahni tana hlawkna an hria a, an fin em em laiin, Pathian fate chu hun lo la awm tur atan inbuatsaih an tum ve lo a, he sum enkawltu ang hian chatuan nun lo awm tur an chan theih nan a tha zawngin an tan tanghma an hai tur a ni tihna a ni (Luka 16:8). He tehkhin thuin a zirtir tum ber chu, “mahni tana thian siam” a ni a (Luka 16:9), dik lo taka eirukna pawh sawi tel a ni thona chungin helam hi zirtir a tum lo.

Calvin Theological Seminary-a Professor John W. Cooper-a chuan mi hausa leh Lazara tehkhin thu hi thil tak tak ni lo mahse a hunlai amite hriatthiam theih turin Isuan a hmang tangkai tih a hrethiam a, tihian a zirchhuahna a sawi:

[Mi hausa leh Lazara thawnthu] hi Isua emaw Luka emaw-in thih hnu awm dan an rinna an tarlanna a ni kher lo, chawlhlawkna (intermediate state) thurin atana lungphum nghet pawh a siamsak chuang lo a ni. Isua hian awm dan tha sawifiahna turin thawnthu lar a hmang mai a ni zawk thei a ni. Heng thawnthute hi a pawm kher lo thei a. A dik lo tih a hriat avangin amah chuan a pawm a rinawm loh a ni.[10]

 Cooper-a chuan “He thu hian chawlhlawkna chungchang eng nge min hrilh?” tiin zawhna a siam a, “A chhanna chu, eng mah min hrilh lo tih hi a ni a, thlarau thi thei lo ringtuten he chang hi tanfungah an hmang thei lo,”[11] a ti a ni. Mi tam tak ngaihdan nen chuan Presbyterian pachal mithiam Cooper-a ngaihdan hi inperhsan tak a ni.

 Hetiang deuh chiah hian Dictionary of the Bible ziaktu William Smith-a pawhin, “Judaho tehkhinthu (metaphor) behchhana siam he thawnthu [mi hausa leh Lazara] hi thurin pawimawh dikzia finfiahna atan hman theih loh hulhual a ni,”[12] tiin a lo ziak a ni.

Heng zirchianna atanga leh finfiahna atangte hian mi hausa leh Lazara thawnthu hi a tak taka thleng a nih lohzia tarlan an ni a. Mahni rinna del taka vuana, a dik a dawk thlu ring bur mi tan chauh lo zawng “hei hi ka kut” tiha chiang a ni. Vawiinah tam tak chuan grikho ngaihdan –thlarau thi thei lo a awm ni-a ngaihna nen Bible thutak hi kan chawmchilh a, theihtawp chhuaha inmiltir kan tum pawhin a inmil thei ngang lo a nih hi! Setana’n thutak leh dawt thiam taka a belhbawm tawh hi kan thliar hrang thiam lo a, a vanduaithlak takzet a ni.

Thenkhat zirbingna an kalpui dan dawrawm tak lo lanna chu, mi hausa leh Lazara thawnthu chu – tehkhin thu a ni lo tih nemnghehna turin Adventist mi thiam hmasa JN Andrews-a thuziak a rawn chhawp chhuak hi a ni. JN Andrews-a thuziak a thena zar te chauh tihian an tar lang thin a:“tehkhin thu tih a ni lo” [Not called a parable by sacred penman][13]

Mahse, a hnuah engtin nge Andrews-a hian a sawi le? “But the fact is the same with respect to the cases which precede this,”[14] tiin a chhunzawm a ni. A sawi awmzia chu Tehkhin thu tiin ngialngan takin tarlan ni lo mahse, a hmasa tehkhinthute nihna ziarang a nei ve vek a ni a tihna a ni. Heti hian thenkhat chuan an duhlai te an thur chhuak a, Andrews-a’n a sawi tum loh pui pui an sawitir ta mai thin a ni. Hei hi Setana ziarang chiah chiah a ni a. Thenkhat chuan an hriat loh avangin hetiang hian a duh lai te an lo thur chhuak a ni thei a, mahse, saptawng thiam pangai tan chuan a dawt chiah tlara inziak hi a hmuh loh theih loh a ni. Chuvangin, a tam zawk chuan JN Andrews-a thlirna hi an hre chiang hle ang, chuti chung chuan, a sawi loh pui an sawitir duh hi Pathian rawngbawltu intite tih atan chuan a mawi lo hle a ni.

Footnotes:

[1] https://www.bereanbiblesociety.org/the-rich-man-and-lazarus-luke-1619-31/

[2] Josephus, Discourse to the Greeks Concerning Hades, in Josephus Complete Works, trans. William Whiston (Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel, 1974), 637.

[3] Ibid.

[4] Ibid.

[5] Ibid.

[6] Ibid.

[7] Richard Baukham, “The Rich Man and The Lazarus: The parable and the Parallel,” NTS 37 (1991): 225, n.1.

[8] Ronald F. Hock, “Lazarus and Mycyllus: Greco-Roman Background to Luke 16:19-31” JBL 106 (1987): 447-463.

[9] Rudolf Bultmann, The History of the Synoptic Tradition, trans. John Marsh, rev. ed. (Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1972), 203.

[10] John W. Cooper, Body, Soul, and Life Everlasting: Biblical Anthropology and the Monism-Dualism Debate (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdsman 1989), 139.

[11] Ibid.

[12] William Smith, 2:1038.

[13] Biaksiama, Seventh Day Adventist: A Tobul Leh An Thurin Bihchianna, 2020, 198.

[14] Hetah hian en ang che, https://m.egwwritings.org/en/book/1196.2#18